TS-075242 — THE PROBLEM Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as promising cancer immunotherapy, many tumors fail to respond to ICB. This failed response is often driven by the activation of TGF-β1 in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which induces regulatory T cells and inhibits the funct…

TS-057778 — A novel monoclonal antibody (PIIO-1) targeting the ligand-free form of GARP, the non-signaling docking receptor for TGFβ. PIIO-1 distrupts transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling in the tumor microenvironment, primarily on T regulatory cells, consequently augmenting anti-tumor immunity and overcoming ICB resistance . Unlike market competitors, ABBV-151 and DS-1055a which bind the TGF-β1/GARP complex, PIIO-1 prevents activation of all 3 TGF-β isoforms, avoiding isoform compensation and avoiding the potential on-target, adverse effects of binding the TGF-β1/GARP complex found on platelets.