As traditional silicon CMOS microprocessors hit severe thermal limits, spintronics has emerged as the premier non-volatile alternative—encoding data using electron spin rather than charge to cut power drain. While spintronic systems like Magnesium Oxide (MgO )-based MRAM have successfully pr…

2D van der Waals (vdW) materials are atomically thin sheets that can be stacked to form heterostructures with customizable electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. These heterostructures are promising for next‑generation technologies such as quantum devices, optoelectronics, and spintronics…