The incidence of obesity and diabetes is skyrocketing, leading to chronic inflammatory conditions such as cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, liver diseases, and cancer. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death across the US and worldwide and affects almost half of all ad…

Wound healing and disinfection of chronic wounds still pose significant challenges in the medical industry. Current treatments remain inadequate as they present health and life-quality challenges for patients and have high cumulative costs. After the formation of an open wound, adequate cleaning a…

On-­body electronics, such as wearable and epidermal sensors, are experiencing significant growth. One of the biggest challenges of on-­body electronics is the development or identification of a sufficient power source. To address the former concern, sensors are becoming available with eve…

The directional movement of biological cells in the presence of an applied electric field is known as galvanotaxis or electrotaxis. The majority of experiments related to galvanotaxis over the past two centuries have involved steady electric fields applied via electrodes placed in contact with a m…