TS-073712 — Advanced quantum technologies, cryogenic sensors, and space instrumentation increasingly require reliable, compact cooling below 1 K. Today’s sub-Kelvin refrigeration relies heavily on dilution refrigerators and gas-gap thermal switches that are complex, slow, mechanically fragile, and dependent…

TS-073264 — Low‑oxygen, toxic environments created by fires or explosions in mines, tunnels, and enclosed spaces remain a leading cause of fatalities for trapped occupants and rescuers. Current self‑contained breathing and escape devices are constrained by limited oxygen supply, bulk, weight, heat generat…

TS-072927 — Current concrete structures, such as bridges, pavements, and buildings, lack integrated solutions for efficient temperature control. Existing heating or cooling systems are typically installed on or near the surface, risking damage and failing to provide uniform thermal management. There is a need…

TS-072577 — The Need The transition to sustainable energy is hindered by the limitations of current hydrogen production methods, which rely heavily on fossil fuels and struggle with efficient, low-emission processing of solid fuels like biomass and coal. Existing chemical looping systems face challenges such as…

TS-067793 — The technology is a device and method for producing high purity tritium gas by irradiating a lithium composition within a gas cell that selectively allows tritium to diffuse while blocking other byproducts, ensuring efficient and direct collection of pure tritium without extensive purification. This system is designed to enhance the purity, efficiency, and scalability of tritium production for various industrial and research applications.

TS-067535 — The Need In future decades, more people than ever will be spending time in space. Current crop production systems onboard spacecraft are not self-sustainable, relying on fertilizer and substrate materials that must be launched from Earth. These resupply missions can cost thousands of dollars per po…

TS-066963 — The Need Exposure to mold in homes costs billions of dollars every year. Exposure is particularly harmful to the 8% of the United States population that suffers from asthma; a leading cause of disability in children. Currently, odor, visible mold growth, and dampness are the best indicators of mold…

TS-066957 — The Need Colorimetric tests and remote image analysis are used in a wide range of industrial and medical applications. Digital image-based measurements made with smartphones are a promising platform to quantify colors at low cost, but suffer from inconsistency and errors caused by lens quality, sen…

TS-065424 — Due to environmental concerns and the decreasing supply of fossil fuels, there is substantial demand for nuclear-based energy production. Nuclear energy now provides about 10% of the world's electricity from about 440 power reactors and is the second largest source of low-carbon power. In addition, over 50 smaller countries utilize nuclear energy in about 220 research-size reactors. These reactors are used to produce medical and industrial isotopes and several other purposes.

TS-065423 — Turbine aircraft engines (jet engines) are a type of propulsion system commonly used in aviation. These engines operate on jet propulsion, where air is drawn into the engine, mixed with fuel, ignited, and then expelled at high speed to generate thrust. Jet engines are used in commercial and military aircraft, as well as helicopters.