TS-074050 — As batteries are pushed toward faster charging and higher power operation, conventional electrode architectures struggle to deliver their full theoretical capacity. Dense electrodes often suffer from poor ion and electron transport, leading to large capacity losses at high charge and discharge rat…

TS-073880 — Industrial CO₂ electroreduction remains limited by high energy input, poor selectivity, and low formation rates of valuable multi‑carbon products. Conventional copper catalysts often favor hydrogen evolution or low‑value C₁ products such as methane, while catalysts that improve selectivity…

TS-073841 — Current federated learning (FL) systems face significant challenges in efficiently aggregating model updates over wireless networks, especially in environments with diverse data and varying channel conditions. There is a critical need for a solution that enhances bandwidth efficiency, personalizat…

TS-070635 — The Need We urgently need to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental controls in buildings to reduce viral transmission and to prioritize resources. In 2021, $200 billion dollars was allocated in the US to improving ventilation in schools in response to COVID-19, but without reliable …

TS-070631 — The Need Ultra-wideband communication systems, including mmWave and optical wireless networks, demand highly accurate and low-latency channel estimation to maintain throughput and reliability. Existing methods, such as hybrid correlation and least squares estimators, suffer from high computational c…

TS-068476 — The Need Modern wireless networks, including 5G and future 6G systems, rely heavily on accurate channel prediction to ensure efficient and reliable communication. Frequency Domain Duplexing (FDD) systems face challenges in accurately predicting downlink channels from uplink channels, particularly in…

TS-067535 — The Need In future decades, more people than ever will be spending time in space. Current crop production systems onboard spacecraft are not self-sustainable, relying on fertilizer and substrate materials that must be launched from Earth. These resupply missions can cost thousands of dollars per po…

TS-066963 — The Need Exposure to mold in homes costs billions of dollars every year. Exposure is particularly harmful to the 8% of the United States population that suffers from asthma; a leading cause of disability in children. Currently, odor, visible mold growth, and dampness are the best indicators of mold…

TS-066962 — The Need Viral disease surveillance (e.g. influenza, SARS-CoV-2) in high-risk settings faces several challenges, such as asymptomatic carriers, incomplete reporting, resource limitations, and delayed diagnosis of traditional swab test methods. These challenges could allow a virus to silently spread…

TS-066960 — The Need Indoor air can be polluted by various sources, including building materials, furniture, cleaning products, and even people. Exposure to these resulting contaminants and allergens can lead to a variety of health problems, such as respiratory irritation, allergies, and even cancer. It is cur…