The Need

Current tritium detection methods struggle with sensitivity and selectivity, especially in environments where hydrogen and tritium coexist. Tritium is a critical byproduct in nuclear reactors, hydrogen production, and waste facilities, and its monitoring is essential for safety, regulatory compliance, and environmental stewardship. Existing sensors cannot reliably differentiate tritium from hydrogen, nor do they withstand harsh reactor conditions, leaving a significant gap in nuclear and energy sector instrumentation.

The Technology

OSU engineers have developed a novel semiconductor-based sensor capable of detecting and differentiating tritium gas from hydrogen gas in real time. The device utilizes a layered structure comprising a tritium absorption region, an anti-diffusion barrier, and a Schottky contact on a wide bandgap semiconductor substrate. Tritium is selectively absorbed and detected via its beta decay signature, while the anti-diffusion layer blocks hydrogen interference. The sensor’s architecture enables robust operation in high-temperature, high-radiation environments typical of nuclear and hydrogen production facilities.

Benefits/Advantages

• Differentiates tritium from hydrogen for accurate, selective detection
• Operates reliably in extreme temperatures and radiation fields
• Enables continuous, real-time monitoring for improved safety and compliance
• Scalable for integration into existing reactor and industrial sensor networks