TS-073810 — Next-generation power electronics demand materials that can support ultra-high breakdown voltages, low leakage currents, and scalable manufacturing. While β-Ga₂O₃ is highly attractive for these applications, device performance has been limited by the lack of high-quality, thick drift layers w…

TS-073809 — High-sensitivity detection in the mid-wave and long-wave infrared (MWIR/LWIR) remains constrained by detector noise, limited gain, and manufacturing challenges. While HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes can deliver excellent performance, they suffer from high cost, low yield, and limited manufacturabilit…

TS-073712 — Advanced quantum technologies, cryogenic sensors, and space instrumentation increasingly require reliable, compact cooling below 1 K. Today’s sub-Kelvin refrigeration relies heavily on dilution refrigerators and gas-gap thermal switches that are complex, slow, mechanically fragile, and dependent…

TS-073373 — Next‑generation power electronic systems require devices that deliver high breakdown voltage, large current handling, and fast switching while maintaining manufacturability at scale. Vertical FinFETs offer compelling performance advantages over incumbent bipolar and planar technologies, but thei…

TS-072841 — Modern thermal management demands fast, accurate, and spatially compact heat flux sensing to complement temperature measurements, enable real‑time control, and estimate internal temperatures without waiting for equilibrium. Conventional longitudinal thermopower sensors trade sensitivity for resp…

TS-072584 — The Need High-voltage DC (HVDC) transmission and grid-connected power conversion systems face significant cost, size, and efficiency challenges due to the large number of expensive submodules and capacitors required in conventional modular multilevel converters (MMC). These limitations restrict scal…

TS-071961 — The Need Despite near-perfect external quantum efficiency in blue InGaN LEDs, devices emitting green, amber, and longer visible wavelengths remain inefficient. This is due to internal electric fields and charge separation in conventional quantum wells, which worsen with higher indium content and wid…

TS-071747 — High-accuracy 3D depth perception is critical for autonomous systems, but current stereo camera methods falter in complex outdoor environments. While LiDAR can improve accuracy, its effectiveness plummets when using sparse data from affordable, lower-beam sensors, making high performance prohibiti…

TS-070970 — Many vibration-based energy harvesting systems are limited by narrow operational frequency bands, making them inefficient for environments where excitation frequencies drift, such as in bridges, machinery, or vehicles. Current solutions often sacrifice energy density to broaden bandwidth. A more e…

TS-070531 — The Need Efficient heat switches are crucial for various applications, including solid-state refrigeration, solar thermal installations, waste heat scavenging, and electronics cooling. Current technologies often suffer from irreversible thermodynamic losses or inefficiencies, limiting their effectiv…