Mechanical ventilators have been developed to provide automated, life-sustaining assistance to individuals with difficulty breathing due to either injury or chronic illness. Current ventilator systems, however, are expensive, require constant medical supervision and require reliable electrical pow…

Magnesium (Mg), the lightest structural metal, and its alloys, with their high specific strength and low density, are promising lightweight materials for industrial applications in automotive, aerospace, and electronic sectors. A 2019 report by Business Communications Company (BCC) Research highli…

Recent advances in biofabrication introduced by additive manufacturing/3D printing (AM/3DP) have significantly improved the overall architecture control in tissue engineered constructs. These constructs have a wide variety of important research and clinical applications including, but not limited …

Histopathology is a cornerstone of tissue analysis used to diagnose many clinical conditions. Many of these diagnoses are based on identifying the presence of specific biomarkers, which can be indicated by colored labels. Currently, only 1-2 markers can be analyzed per slide, reducing accuracy and…

Particle methods are a class of computational algorithms used to estimate potential outcomes of a system or process. Although popular for their simplicity and scalability, the use of fixed sized "particle ensembles" renders the simulations unable to provide performance guarantees in quan…

Ultrasonic welding is widely used in the electronics industry to weld together wiring in delicate circuits and on microcircuits. It is also used in the automotive industry, medical industry, and packaging industry, often to weld dissimilar materials or plastics. The major advantages in ultrasonic …

Transportation infrastructure depends on a robust and well-maintained system of bridges. In the U.S., federal law requires that bridges be inspected once every two years. Some states, including Ohio, require bridges to be inspected every year. One problem with these inspections is that for several…

Tractor-trailers are essential to the United States (U.S.) economy. The annual value of freight transported in the U.S. in 2013 was $18 trillion. Of the $18 trillion1, $11 trillion (64%) was transported by the trucking industry. Tractor-trailers consumed 109 billion liters (29 billion gallons) of …

America's air traffic control infrastructure has not been updated in decades and lags behind the rest of world. In lieu of a complete rebuild using GPS and digital messaging, other upgrades could be made to optimize the efficiency of flight routing. These types of upgrades would be software ba…