TS-062483 — Measurement/detection of analytes (e.g., biomarkers) in different environments (e.g., biofluids/organs) is typically performed using a biosensor. Available bio-integrated sensors do not provide the capability to map biomarker concentrations, require a power source to function, use a limited number of electrodes, and normally can only measure a specific type of biofluid but not others. The use of glutamate mapping technology (radioactive or fluorescent ligand bound to a glutamate receptor) has been evaluated and found to require bulky/expensive medical equipment, a power source for measurement, cannot be miniaturized or integrated into a bio tissue, and require patients to be stationary during measurement.