In the realm of central nervous system (CNS) repair, a critical need arises for innovative treatments that not only address the physical aspects of injury but also tackle the associated phychopathology. Understanding the cellular processes that occur after spinal cord injury (SCI) that are detrimen…

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) face critical challenges in maintaining functional vascular access. Despite the superiority of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in terms of longevity, infection rates, and cost-effectiveness, over a third of AVFs fail to mature a…

The Need Neurological disorders arising from central nervous system (CNS) injuries and diseases pose significant challenges to quality of life. The limited capacity of CNS neurons to regenerate and the lack of effective therapies for conditions like glaucoma, optic nerve injury, and spinal cord inj…

Glutamate is a major neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) and essential for normal brain function including cognition, memory, and learning. However, the extracellular concentration of glutamate must remain below excitotoxic levels (~ 1 μM) to avoid overstimulation of …