The Need Injuries involving hemorrhaging from the aorta, particularly in military and trauma settings, pose a significant threat to patients' lives. Current treatment options require clamping which completely restricts blood flow resulting in risks of complications such as coagulopathy and orga…

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) face critical challenges in maintaining functional vascular access. Despite the superiority of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in terms of longevity, infection rates, and cost-effectiveness, over a third of AVFs fail to mature a…

Papaverine is an FDA-approved phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) inhibitor and its clinical use is due to these effects on blood pressure and vascular tone. However, it was found to also be a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. Papaverine’s mitochondrial complex I inhibition has been sho…

A highly unfortunate outcome of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic is the over 400,000 American deaths that have unexpectedly overloaded medical autopsy services across the United States. With this heightened need for autopsy services previously unseen occupational hazards relating to repetitive motion…

Mg-Zn-Ca-based alloys are the most promising alloy system for bone implant applications mainly due to their superior biocompatibility. For fixation applications, the ideal is a material strong enough to hold while healing (2-4 months) yet being fully resorbed after the bones have healed (6-24 mont…

Imaging and re-intervention procedures, necessary to maintain open blood vessels following vascular reconstruction surgery, are expensive. For example, the cost of maintenance for an arteriovenous (AV) fistula used in hemodialysis access has been estimated at $15,000/year. In bypass and AV fistula…