TS-076338 — PCL has been a key material in modern medicine and advanced medical device manufacturing. Able to degrade away slowly in the body without producing toxic residues, PCL has been used for medical implants and controlled drug release over time. However, PCL is inherently hydrophobic and has set degra…

TS-076325 — UV LEDs, particularly those operating at shorter wavelengths, face persistent challenges in achieving high optical efficiency. Conventional device architectures can suffer from significant internal absorption and inefficient light extraction, limiting wall-plug efficiency and increasing power requ…

TS-076198 — Advanced photonic systems for communications, sensing, computing, and quantum technologies increasingly rely on lithium niobate due to its exceptional electro-optic and nonlinear optical properties. However, existing high-performance lithium niobate photonic devices face major commercialization ba…

TS-076188 — Polypropylene (PP) is an attractive engineering polymer due to its low cost, recyclability, chemical resistance, and favorable processing characteristics. However, conventional PP is notoriously difficult to foam because of its low melt strength and highly crystalline structure, often resulting in…

TS-076137 — Heavy-duty trucks consume significant fuel during highway operation, with aerodynamic drag representing a major source of energy loss and operating expense. As fleet operators face increasing pressure to reduce fuel costs, improve vehicle efficiency, and lower emissions, there is a growing need fo…

TS-076055 — Microplastics and, increasingly, nanoplastics, are emerging contaminants of concern in water systems, consumer products, and environmental samples. However, most existing analytical workflows are optimized for larger particles and often fail to reliably isolate, quantify, and identify plastics in …

TS-076011 — Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement is increasingly being adopted in infrastructure and construction applications due to its corrosion resistance and durability. However, joining or terminating these reinforcement elements remains a significant challenge. Many established coupling and anc…

TS-075918 — Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential for advanced manufacturing, energy technologies, electronics, and defense applications, yet their separation remains one of the most challenging and costly steps in the supply chain. Conventional separation methods often require extensive processing, hazard…

TS-075845 — Drug discovery, biologics development, cell therapy research, and advanced in vitro testing all rely on large numbers of cell-based experiments. While continuous perfusion can improve biological relevance by maintaining nutrient availability, removing waste products, and better mimicking physiolog…

TS-075834 — Indoor moisture and mold exposure remain significant challenges for building owners, environmental testing providers, and public health stakeholders. Existing detection methods often focus on visible contamination, microbial growth, or genetic signatures, but they may not directly measure biologic…

TS-075755 — Electrification of high-power off-highway equipment remains challenging due to highly variable operating conditions, unpredictable duty cycles, demanding torque requirements, and limited charging infrastructure. Conventional energy management approaches often struggle to balance fuel efficiency, b…

TS-075750 — Agricultural tractors operate under highly variable conditions that make power demand, fuel consumption, and equipment performance difficult to predict. Differences in soil characteristics, terrain, field layouts, implements, and operator practices can cause substantial variability in energy use, …

TS-075721 — Transportation manufacturers continue to face increasing pressure to improve vehicle energy efficiency, extend electric vehicle range, and reduce emissions without adding significant cost, weight, or system complexity. While passive aerodynamic features such as strakes and deflectors are commonly …

TS-075686 — The rapid growth of AI training and high-performance computing workloads is driving chip power densities beyond the capabilities of many conventional cooling approaches. Data center operators face a difficult tradeoff between supporting next-generation high-power processors and controlling the sub…

TS-075663 — High-power laser systems, advanced sensing platforms, and emerging photonic architectures increasingly require optical fibers capable of operating across challenging wavelength regimes and extreme power densities. However, many high-performance crystalline fiber materials are difficult to process …

TS-075637 — Microfluidic and organ-on-chip platforms are gaining importance in drug discovery, toxicity testing, diagnostics, and advanced biological research. However, widespread adoption remains constrained by the difficulty of connecting microscale devices to conventional fluid delivery hardware. Existing …

TS-075600 — Incremental forging offers manufacturers a flexible route to produce near-net-shape components without dedicated dies, but process planning remains highly dependent on operator expertise, trial-and-error development, and time-consuming programming. As part geometries become more complex, determini…

TS-075588 — As federated learning expands across IoT, industrial, automotive, and connected-device ecosystems, maintaining reliable model training on energy-constrained edge devices remains a major challenge. Many devices operate on limited batteries or intermittent harvested energy, making continuous partici…

TS-075572 — The transition to advanced electronics, electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and defense technologies is driving growing demand for rare-earth elements. However, many valuable rare-earth resources exist in dilute waste streams, recycling processes, low-grade leachates, and hydrometallurgic…

TS-075552 — The battery industry is under increasing pressure to develop cathode materials that deliver higher energy density while reducing reliance on expensive and supply-constrained metals such as cobalt and nickel. Cation-disordered rock-salt (DRX) cathodes have emerged as promising candidates due to the…

TS-075519 — A galactose-based RAFT chain transfer agent (Gal-RAFT) that incorporates a sugar moiety at the polymer terminus, enabling the synthesis of well-defined polymers with an integrated carbohydrate handle for subsequent biological applications.

TS-075450 — Safety-critical systems in industries such as energy, aerospace, industrial automation, and advanced manufacturing are becoming increasingly complex, integrating hardware, software, controls, sensors, and communication networks. Existing fault analysis methods are often domain-specific and require…

TS-075198 — Nanopore-based cryptography enabling stronger, more reliable randomness for modern cybersecurity.

TS-075052 — Next-generation lithium- and metal-based batteries require higher energy density, which depends on operating at elevated voltages. However, conventional electrolyte salts suffer from limited electrochemical stability, low solubility, and degradation issues such as aluminum current collector corros…

TS-074949 — Mosquito‑borne diseases such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever remain major global health threats, however widespread resistance has eroded the effectiveness of existing insecticides. mosquito control agents for public health, vector control programs, and integrated pest management …

TS-074925 — There is a growing demand for non-invasive, scalable solutions to improve mental well-being, reduce stress, and enhance productivity across diverse environments such as homes, workplaces, healthcare settings, and education. Existing approaches operate largely in isolation and fail to dynamically r…

TS-074913 — Energy and chemical industries increasingly rely on hydrogen, natural gas, and syngas streams that require efficient removal of CO₂ and H₂S to meet purity and regulatory requirements. Conventional separation technologies (e.g., amine absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation) are energy-i…

TS-074864 — Modern structural systems increasingly demand integrated sensing, actuation, and health monitoring capabilities, particularly in aerospace, automotive, and advanced manufacturing. However, current approaches rely on separately fabricated sensors that are later attached to structures, introducing r…

TS-074823 — Magnetic gears offer compelling advantages over mechanical gearboxes (contactless torque transfer, reduced maintenance, and improved reliability) but widespread adoption has been limited by efficiency losses. A major contributor is “end-effect” loss, where magnetic flux leaks at the axial ends…

TS-074822 — Personal protective equipment (PPE) remains predominantly passive, relying on material strength to absorb or deflect impacts after they occur. This approach is insufficient in high-risk environments where fast-moving debris, tool fragments, or ballistic threats can cause severe injury before mitig…

TS-074813 — Thermoelectric technologies offer a compelling route for waste heat recovery, solid-state cooling, and power generation, but their adoption remains limited by inherently low efficiency. Conventional materials are constrained by tradeoffs between electrical conductivity, thermopower, and thermal co…

TS-074793 — Sustainable production of advanced biofuels and biochemicals remains constrained by low yields, poor carbon efficiency, and limited scalability of current microbial platforms. In particular, biobutanol has struggled to achieve cost competitiveness due to inefficient carbon utilization and metabol…

TS-074779 — Myopia is rapidly increasing worldwide and is now recognized as a leading cause of irreversible vision impairment due to associated complications such as retinal degeneration, glaucoma, and structural eye changes. Despite this growing burden, clinicians lack practical tools to assess structural ch…

TS-074726 — Potassium-based batteries are attractive for large-scale energy storage due to potassium’s abundance and favorable electrochemical properties. However, commercial development is limited by the lack of suitable solid electrolytes that combine high potassium-ion conductivity, chemical stability wi…

TS-074717 — Advanced RF and microwave devices increasingly operate under highly dynamic, pulsed, and modulated conditions that expose complex transient behavior. Existing nonlinear measurement tools are largely optimized for steady-state or strictly repetitive signals, limiting insight into how devices evolve…

TS-074715 — Next‑generation power electronics require devices that can operate efficiently under high voltages, high currents, and harsh environments while maintaining fast, reliable switching. Existing electrically gated solutions in wide and ultra‑wide bandgap semiconductors face tradeoffs among robustn…

TS-074623 — The construction industry faces growing pressure to reduce the carbon footprint of cement while maintaining performance, durability, and reliable supply chains. Traditional supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as fly ash and blast furnace slag are increasingly scarce or regionally cons…

TS-074573 — Vehicle manufacturers continue to pursue aerodynamic improvements to meet fuel efficiency, emissions, and range targets. Open or partially open wheel wells remain a persistent source of aerodynamic drag, noise, and efficiency loss. Traditional fixed fender skirts improve aerodynamics but cannot ac…

TS-074525 — Many advanced electronic, sensing, and optical devices rely on high‑quality thin films, yet manufacturing uniform, defect‑free films over large areas remains challenging. Conventional solution‑based approaches often result in rough, cracked, or non‑uniform coatings, while vacuum‑based de…

TS-074512 — Modern diesel and high‑performance internal combustion engines demand pistons that withstand extreme thermal and mechanical loads while becoming lighter, more fuel‑efficient, and lower cost to manufacture. Steel pistons offer durability advantages over aluminum but are traditionally heavy and …

TS-074441 — Chemical looping gasification and combustion are promising pathways for low‑carbon energy conversion, CO₂ capture, and syngas production, but their commercial deployment is constrained by the performance of available oxygen carrier materials. Existing metal oxide oxygen carriers often suffer f…

TS-074433 — Researchers and organizations studying polar and marine environments increasingly rely on ice cores to understand climate processes, contaminant transport, and biogeochemical change. However, existing ice core processing tools are largely optimized for relatively clean, homogeneous samples and str…

TS-074383 — Many advanced sensing, imaging, and optoelectronic systems rely on compound semiconductors that outperform silicon in key spectral and electronic regimes, particularly in the infrared. However, these materials are expensive and difficult to scale, while silicon remains the industry standard for hi…

TS-074364 — Senior executives struggle to understand and prioritize cybersecurity risk in business terms. Existing vulnerability scoring systems rely on opaque or arbitrary measures that fail to connect cybersecurity decisions to financial impact, staffing costs, or operational tradeoffs. As a result, organiz…

TS-074344 — Air conditioning is a major driver of global electricity demand, peak load stress, and greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in hot and humid climates. Conventional vapor-compression systems rely on electricity-intensive compressors, struggle with efficient humidity control, and are poorly matche…

TS-074297 — Gas turbine systems are typically optimized for a narrow operating point, leading to efficiency penalties during off‑design operation. Existing variable-geometry solutions rely on mechanically actuated components that add complexity, incur performance losses, and face durability challenges in hi…

TS-074295 — Many applications require compact, long‑lived power sources that can operate reliably for years without maintenance, battery replacement, or recharging. This is particularly true for remote sensors, implantable medical devices, space systems, and defense or industrial monitoring deployed in hars…

TS-074278 — Millions of individuals with mobility impairments lack practical, scalable assistance for gait rehabilitation and daily ambulation. Existing powered exoskeletons are often heavy, expensive, complex to don, and poorly suited for long-duration or everyday use. Passive walkers and orthotic devices pr…

TS-074268 — Real-time and free-breathing MRI applications, particularly in cardiovascular imaging, require high temporal resolution to capture rapid physiological dynamics. However, optimal temporal resolution is often patient- and application-specific and may not be known before the scan. Existing Cartesian …

TS-074248 — Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions remain a major regulatory and environmental challenge for power generation, industrial combustion, and waste incineration. The dominant abatement technology, selective catalytic reduction (SCR), relies on ammonia or urea, introducing safety, cost, and operational co…